
Case Details: Additional Commissioner of Central Tax vs. Vigneshwara Transport Company - [2026] 185 taxmann.com 487 (Karnataka)
Judiciary and Counsel Details
- S.G. Pandit & K. V. Aravind, JJ.
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Shishira Amarnath, Adv. for the Appellant.
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Pranay Sharma Y., Adv. for the Respondent.
Facts of the Case
The respondent-assessee was subjected to an investigation for alleged invoice manipulation, e-way bill irregularities, and clandestine removal of goods. Based on information gathered through summons and inquiry, a show cause notice (SCN) was issued under Section 74 of the CGST Act and Karnataka GST Act alleging tax evasion. The assessee challenged the notice in writ proceedings contending that the underlying search and investigation under Section 67 suffered from procedural irregularities, lack of jurisdiction, and borrowed satisfaction, and therefore the notice and reliance on such material were invalid. It was further submitted that incriminating material, including e-way bills and statements collected during search, could not be used in adjudication when the search itself was alleged to be illegal. The matter was accordingly placed before the High Court.
High Court Held
The High Court held that Section 74 of the CGST Act permits initiation of adjudication proceedings on the basis of material in possession of the proper officer irrespective of its source, and does not make adjudication contingent upon the legality or outcome of proceedings under Section 67. It held that alleged procedural defects in search or investigation do not vitiate a valid SCN when substantive material exists and is furnished to the assessee, who can contest its relevancy and admissibility during adjudication. It further held that reliance on material collected through summons or search and its transmission to the jurisdictional officer does not amount to impermissible borrowed satisfaction when independently examined and incorporated in the notice. It was concluded that interference at the stage of SCN is premature where an effective opportunity of reply is available. Accordingly, the writ appeal was allowed and the challenge to the SCN was rejected.
List of Cases Reviewed
- Order of Single Judge of High Court of Karnataka in W.P. No.18305/2023 (T-RES) dated 28.11.2024 (para 14) reversed
- Dr. Naresh Kumar Garg v. State of Haryana 2026 SCC Online SC 295 (para 12)
- Pooran Mal v. Director of Inspection [1974] 93 ITR 505 (SC) (para 12), followed
List of Cases Referred to
- Additional Commissioner Grade-2 v. Dinesh Kumar Pradeep Kumar [2025] 181 taxmann.com 973 (SC) (para 5.5)
- Additional Commissioner Grade-2 v. Shree Om Steels [2026] 182 taxmann.com 592 (SC) (para 5.5)
- Intelligence Officer, Directorate General of GST Intelligence v. Kesar Color Chem Industries [2025] 171 taxmann.com 739/96 GSTL 138 (Karnataka) (para 5.5)
- Kesari Nandan Mobile v. Office of Asstt. Commissioner of State Tax [2025] 177 taxmann.com 481/111 GST 387/101 GSTL 177 (SC) (para 5.5)
- Radhika Agarwal v. UOI [2025] 171 taxmann.com 832/95 GSTL 225 (SC) (para 5.5)
- I.J. Rao, Asstt. Collector of Customs v. Bibhuti Bhushan Bagh 1989 taxmann.com 619/42 ELT 338 (SC) (para 5.5)
- Maa Mahamaya Alloys (P.) Ltd. v. State of U.P. [2023] 150 taxmann.com 158/97 GST 1086/73 GSTL 612 (Allahabad) (para 5.5)
- Gopal Trading Company v. State of U.P. [2025] 174 taxmann.com 576/110 GST 151/99 GSTL 148 (Allahabad) (para 5.5)
- Dinesh Kumar Pradeep Kumar v. Additional Commissioner Grade 2 [2024] 165 taxmann.com 166/105 GST 894/89 GSTL 239 (Allahabad) (para 5.5)
- Vijay Trading Company v. Additional Commissioner [2024] 166 taxmann.com 69/105 GST 950/89 GSTL 196 (Allahabad) (para 5.5)
- Lari Almira House v. State of U.P. [2023] 149 taxmann.com 476/98 GST 414/74 GSTL 434 (Allahabad) (para 5.5)
- Additional Commissioner Grade-2 v. Dayal Product [2025] 178 taxmann.com 288/102 GSTL 193 (SC) (para 5.5)
- Dayal Product v. Additional Commissioner Grade-2 [2025] 172 taxmann.com 263/98 GSTL 351 (Allahabad) (para 5.5)
- Sri Sai Food Grain and Iron Stores v. State of Bihar [2025] 174 taxmann.com 84/110 GST 51/99 GSTL 86 (Patna) (para 5.5)
- CTO v. Krishna Oil Industries [2015] 59 taxmann.com 459/51 GST 788 (Rajasthan) (para 5.5)
- Reevan Creation v. State of Gujarat [2026] 182 taxmann.com 783/106 GSTL 266 (Gujarat) (para 5.5)
- Dabur India Ltd. v. State of Uttar Pradesh 1990 taxmann.com 101/[1990] 49 ELT 3 (SC) (para 5.5)
- CCT v. Ramkishan Shrikishan Jhaver [1967] 66 ITR 664 (SC) (para 5.5)
- SNJ Breweries (P.) Ltd. v. Principal DIT (Investigation) [2024] 468 ITR 37 (Mad.) (para 5.5)
- P. Kishore v. Secretary to Government of India 2025 SCC OnLine Mad 3053 (para 5.5)
- Harikisandas Gulabdas and Sons v. State of Mysore [1971] 27 STC 434 (Mys.) (para 5.5)
- Vinit Kumar v. CBI 2019 SCC OnLine Bom 3155 (para 5.5)
- Ukha Kolhe v. State of Maharashtra [1964] 1 SCR 926 (para 5.5)
- R.J. Trading Co. v. Commissioner of CGST, Delhi North [2021] 128 taxmann.com 344/88 GST 474/55 GSTL 277 (Delhi) (para 5.5)
- ITC Ltd. v. State of Karnataka [Civil Appeal No. 11799/2025, dated 12-9-2025] (para 5.5)
- Deepak Khandelwal v. Commissioner of CGST [2023] 153 taxmann.com 443/99 GST 560/77 GSTL 5 (Delhi) (para 5.5)
- CIT v. J.Alexander [ITRC No. 64 of 1999, dated 19.6.2008] (para 5.5)
- Aasha Lata Soni v. Durgesh Soni [CRMP No. 2112/2022, dated 5-10-2023] (para 5.5)
- R.M. Malkani v. State of Maharashtra (1973) 1 SCC (471) (para 5.5)
- Commissioner of CGST v. Deepak Khandelwal [2024] 165 taxmann.com 715/89 GSTL 193/105 GST 934 (SC) (para 5.5)
- Pooran Mal v. Director of Inspection [1974] 93 ITR 505 (SC) (para 8.7)
- Vertiv Energy (P.) Ltd. v. UOI [2024] 169 taxmann.com 126/[2025] 107 GST 644/93 GSTL 137 (Bombay) (para 8.10)
- Dr. Naresh Kumar Garg v. State of Haryana 2026 SCC Online SC 295 (para 12).
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